Introduction to Textile Testing Methods and Instruments
Testing & Textile Testing
Testing:
Testing is the process to determine the properties and performances of different kinds of substances.
Textile Testing:
Textile testing is the measurement of the characteristics of the textile fibres, yarns or fabrics. It involves the use of techniques, tools, instruments and machines in the lab for the evaluation of the properties of different forms of textiles.
Reasons for Textile Testing
* Checking the quality and suitability of raw material and selection of material.
* Monitoring of production i.e. process control.
* Assessment of final product, whether the quality is acceptable or not, (how will be the yarn performance in weaving? etc).
* Investigation of faulty materials (analysis of customer complaint, identification of fault in machine etc.).
* Product development and research.
Factors affecting test results
Sampling method
Atmospheric condition during testing
Methods of testing
Instruments used
Efficiency of the technician
Some important testing standards
AATCC: American Association of Textile Chemists & Colorists
ASTM: American Society for Testing & Materials
ISO: International Organization for Standardization
BSTI: Bangladesh Standards & Testing Institution
WIRA: The Wool Industries Research Association
AS: Australian Standards
DIN: Deutches Institute for Normung
BSI: British Standards Institution
Tests of Textiles
Classification of Fiber Testing
* Identifications of fiber
* Grading
* Color of fibers
* Fiber Length
* Fiber strength and elongation
* Fiber fineness
* Fiber maturity
* Trash
* Neps
* Short fiber index- SFI
* Short fiber content- SFC
* Immature fiber content
* Dust
Classification of Yarn Testing
Yarn count
Twist per unit length
Single yearn strength
Lea strength and elongation
Appearance
Evenness and regularity
Hairiness
Classification of Fabric Testing
Strength and elongation
Length
Width
Thickness
Weight
Number of warp yarn per unit length
Number of weft yarn per unit length
The count of yarn used
Design and construction of cloth
Yarn permeability
Crimp
Shrinkage test
Stiffness
Handle
Drape
Crease resistance and recovery
Abrasion
Thermal properties
Pilling test
Water absorbance and resistance
No Machine Description
| No |
Machine Description
|
| 1 | Spectrophotometer |
| 2 | Color Matching Cabinet |
| 3 | Light Fastness Tester |
| 4 | DIGITAL pH METER |
| 5 | LAUNDER METER |
| 6 | Electrolux Wascator |
| 7 | TENSOMAXX 7000 |
| 8 | Crock Meter |
| 9 | Perspirometer |
| 10 | Abrasion and pilling tester |
| 11 | Crease Recovery Tester |
| 12 | Air permeability Tester |
| 13 | Shirly Crimp Tester |
| 14 | Pressley strength Tester |
| 15 | Trash Selector |
| 16 | Tensile Strength tester |
| 17 | Drape Tester |
| 18 | Tear Strength Tester |
| 19 | Moisture Testing Oven |
| 20 | Yarn Counting Balance |
| 21 | Wrap Block |
| 22 | Wrap reel |
| 23 | Lea Strength Tester |
| 24 | Wira cotton fineness Meter |
| 25 | Twist Tester |
| 26 | Uster Evenness Tester |
| 27 | AQURA N&L |
| 28 | Moisture testing oven: |
| 29 | DIGITAL FIBROGRAPH |
| 30 | DRAPE TESTER |
| 31 | SEAM SLIPPASGE |
| 32 | WRINKLE RECOVERY TESTER |
